The ongoing US federal budget debate is creating significant uncertainty for education funding, with conflicts between the executive and legislative branches over appropriations and budget authority.

The House budget proposes rescinding over $2 billion in current allocations, including nearly $1 billion for Title I schools, risking destabilization of vital school programs.

The Biden administration has used rescissions, impoundments, and unilateral freezes, further contributing to uncertainty in school districts regarding federal funding.

Legal challenges to these executive funding maneuvers are advancing, with the Government Accountability Office ruling some actions illegal, which could lead to future court battles.

Congress is negotiating the FY2026 budget, with a deadline of September 30, 2025, but historically struggles to pass a full budget on time, often relying on continuing resolutions.

If no agreement is reached by the deadline, a government shutdown could occur, potentially halting or disrupting education programs that depend on federal funds.

The Senate Appropriations Committee aims to maintain stable funding levels and oppose rescissions, contrasting with the House’s proposed cuts.

The new school year is already underway amid fears that federal commitments, especially for Title I and special education, may be rescinded or delayed, disrupting schools and students.

Historically, executive actions like impoundments and clawbacks, including proposed pocket rescissions, have challenged congressional authority and faced legal challenges.

This budget conflict reflects broader struggles over government power balance, with serious implications for the stability of education funding and support for vulnerable students.