A Bitquery audit as of September 1, 2026 shows that roughly 99.86% of Satoshi-era BTC has never moved.

The audit estimates Satoshi Nakamoto may hold between 0.89 million and 1.17 million BTC, with more than 1.02 million BTC remaining unmoved.

Patoshi-linked BTC that has never moved totals about 1,023,352 as of September 2026, with surrounding estimates of roughly 1.096 million BTC in Patoshi-related dormant addresses.

Patoshi derives from a privacy flaw in early Bitcoin software that exposed distinctive nonce sequences in coinbase transactions.

Analysis of the first 54,316 blocks attributes about 22% to a single entity, suggesting use of custom mining software by that miner.

Bitquery underscores their own verification process, auditing each coin down to the satoshi rather than relying on earlier papers.

There is no cryptographic proof tying Patoshi addresses to Satoshi; the association remains circumstantial but strongly corroborated by multiple analyses.

In broader market context, the report notes market activity where most major cryptocurrencies rose, providing color with moves like a Zcash price surge.

Patoshi mining began at Bitcoin’s block zero in early 2009 and ended around block 54,000 in mid-2010, aligning with a dip in Satoshi’s public activity.

The resilience of the Bitcoin network and its ongoing function are viewed as more consequential than Satoshi’s movements, highlighting the protocol’s strength.

Bitquery’s reconstruction estimates Satoshi mined about 1.17 million BTC, the largest figure to date.

Patoshi coins account for roughly 5% of all BTC that will ever exist, against Bitcoin’s total supply of 21 million.