Although China leads globally in renewable installations, it accounted for 93% of new coal construction in 2024, reflecting a 'build before breaking' approach to energy policy.

China's energy policy presents a paradox as it simultaneously expands renewable energy capacity while increasing coal projects, aiming to secure supply amid climate commitments.

Despite substantial investments in renewables, China's reliance on coal and infrastructure challenges complicate its efforts to mitigate climate change.

The end of feed-in tariffs has heightened competition for renewable projects, and future demand may not sustain high capacity growth without government support.

Many large-scale renewables are located far from consumers, and ongoing infrastructure improvements for long-distance transmission are insufficient, which favors coal's dispatchability.

Economic factors such as rising electricity demand and coal's profitability, combined with grid and transmission challenges, make coal an attractive energy source despite renewable growth.

Policy shifts, including the end of feed-in tariffs and the profitability of existing coal plants, continue to drive coal expansion even as renewables advance.

Concerns over power supply stability, grid reform issues, and economic considerations have led to coal's continued development, outpacing renewable growth at times.

Experts note that China is cautiously balancing renewable expansion with coal capacity to prevent power shortages and maintain economic stability.

Chinese officials remain hesitant to phase out coal before renewables are fully operational, influenced by past grid issues and extreme weather events.

The renewable energy sector is a major economic driver, contributing 10% to China's GDP and a quarter of its economic growth last year, underscoring its strategic importance.

Renewables significantly bolster China's economy, making them a crucial part of the country's development and economic strategy.

China's inflexible grid favors coal's dispatchability, prompting continued coal capacity expansion to ensure reliable energy supply.

China aims for 3,600 gigawatts of wind and solar capacity by 2035, but current trends suggest that coal may still be needed to meet future demand, despite a fleet utilization rate of around 50%.

In 2025's first half, China’s coal power capacity grew significantly, with the country responsible for 93% of global new coal construction in 2024, underscoring its continued reliance on coal.