Despite some similarities in their electorates, there are marked differences in attitudes towards democracy and authority, with RN supporters tending towards authoritarian views, while AfD and Fratelli d'Italia supporters lean more towards national-liberalism.

Supporters of the AfD are generally younger, with 60% under the age of 50, and an 11% representation of 18-24-year-olds, contrasting with 49% under 50 for the RN and 38% for Fratelli d'Italia.

While the RN boasts a larger working-class base, the AfD and Fratelli d'Italia attract a significant number of inactive supporters, primarily homemakers.

As the AfD's support broadens into middle and upper social classes, the potential for coalition-building could rise, mirroring the current political landscape in Italy and possibly in France.

Trust in political institutions is notably low among supporters of the RN and AfD, with a staggering 86% of RN supporters perceiving political corruption, compared to 53% among Fratelli d'Italia supporters.

The rise of far-right parties is becoming increasingly prominent across Europe, particularly in Italy, France, and Germany, with Georgia Meloni leading the government in Italy, the National Rally (RN) emerging as France's dominant party, and the Alternative for Germany (AfD) gaining traction.

In France, the RN has significantly expanded its electoral base, jumping from 4.2 million voters in the 2022 legislative elections to 10.7 million by mid-2024.

Similarly, the AfD has made substantial gains in eastern Germany, increasing its support from 8.7% in 2020 to 17.8% in 2025, as indicated by a political trust barometer.

Georgia Meloni, who became Prime Minister of Italy in 2022, heads a coalition of far-right parties that includes Fratelli d'Italia and Lega, alongside liberal and Christian-democratic factions.

Gender distribution among supporters is relatively balanced, with nearly equal numbers of men and women for the RN and AfD, while Fratelli d'Italia has a slightly higher male representation.

Educational qualifications among supporters show diversity, with about 30% having lower qualifications and around 32% holding higher education degrees, indicating a varied educational background.

Interestingly, AfD supporters tend to be more liberal on various issues compared to their RN counterparts, although they still hold onto some hardline positions.