Citing interference by authorities in journalists’ work, the Commission notes restrictions on economic activities and editorial freedom, and inadequate protection for journalists’ confidential sources, along with insufficient judicial remedies.

The European Commission has launched an infringement procedure against Hungary under the European Media Freedom Act and parts of the AVMSD, alleging interference with journalists, restrictions on editorial freedom, and inadequate protection of journalists’ sources and confidential communications.

The move comes amid concerns from international NGOs about shrinking media plurality in Hungary, and as Hungary enters an election year with Viktor Orbán and Fidesz facing potential challenges in polling.

Historical context includes a 2018 consolidation of media control by a government-linked conglomerate, contributing to ongoing scrutiny of Hungary’s media landscape.

The Commission argues that Hungary has limited the independence of multiple media outlets and journalists, violating EU rules on media freedom and the Audiovisual Media Services Directive.

The Hungarian government reacted defensively, with a spokesman accusing Brussels of political exploitation and contrasting the issue with alleged abuses in Ukraine.

The move is framed as a warning ahead of elections, signaling that Brussels will act against perceived breaches of media freedom across member states, not just Hungary.

The EU notes that public broadcasters should be independently editorially and functionally, while the national media regulator’s independence is also questioned.

Analysts highlighted include Sandro Ruotolo, who warns that non-compliance could trigger heightened EU scrutiny, with references to an annual report warning about media freedom risks in Italy as well.

Hungary faces criticism that the state does not ensure citizens have access to impartial, high-quality information from public media.

Contextual background places Hungary’s stance within broader EU scrutiny of media freedom, contrasting with calls in the European Parliament for sanctions over perceived electoral autocracy.

Hungary has two months to respond to the allegations; a failure to respond could lead to escalation to a reasoned opinion or referral to the European Court of Justice and possible fines.