CRISPR, conceived in 2012, is a revolutionary gene-editing tool that holds the promise of eradicating severe diseases but also raises significant ethical concerns.

Its applications range from treating genetic disorders and developing new antibacterial treatments to engineering pig organs for transplant and modifying crops and livestock.

However, the technology also opens the door to controversial concepts like 'designer babies' and the challenges associated with manipulating complex traits.

The lack of political oversight and public discourse surrounding germline editing highlights the need for self-regulation within the scientific community.

Dr. Neal Baer, co-director of Harvard's Master of Science in Media, Medicine, and Health, notes a significant shift in attitudes towards germline editing since 2015, emphasizing the dual-use nature of CRISPR technology.

Understanding CRISPR as dual-use technology is essential for recognizing both its potential benefits and the risks it poses.

Baer has edited a new book titled 'The Promise and Peril of CRISPR,' which compiles diverse perspectives from bioethicists, scientists, and activists on the implications of this technology.

The book aims to educate readers, particularly younger audiences, about the complexities and ethical dilemmas surrounding CRISPR and similar technologies.

Baer emphasizes the importance of careful consideration regarding who decides which traits are deemed acceptable or 'unfit' in the context of genetic editing.

Ethical concerns persist, particularly regarding the potential for eugenics and the editing of germline cells, which can have lasting effects on future generations.

The discussion surrounding CRISPR also includes the controversial topic of using the technology to 'treat' trans individuals and the debate over eliminating genetic syndromes like Down syndrome.

Ultimately, while CRISPR presents opportunities for significant advancements in medicine and agriculture, it also poses profound questions about human evolution and diversity.