Traditional methods for monitoring brain activity, such as fNIRS, are limited in depth and require larger MRI machines for deeper imaging.

Computer models based on detailed 3D scans of the head accurately predicted photon movement, confirming that light follows preferred paths through the skull, particularly through areas containing cerebrospinal fluid.

The researchers believe this knowledge will enable targeted brain scans, allowing different source positions on the head to isolate and probe deeper brain regions.

Researchers from the University of Glasgow have developed a groundbreaking technique for non-invasive brain imaging that allows light to be shone through a human head from one side to the other.

This new technique enhances functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) by increasing the strength of the near-infrared laser and implementing a comprehensive light collection setup, although only a small number of photons successfully passed through the head during tests.

The advantages of fNIRS include its low cost and portability, which facilitate broader access to brain imaging for conditions such as strokes, injuries, and tumors.

The study, published in Neurophotonics, emphasizes the potential of optical modalities to bridge the gap between inexpensive devices like EEG and high-resolution tools like fMRI for brain imaging.

This method proved successful with one out of eight participants, specifically a man with fair skin and no hair, highlighting the need for specific conditions and extended scanning times of around 30 minutes.

As technology advances, the findings from this research could lead to more effective imaging techniques that penetrate deeper into the brain, despite current limitations in practicality and speed.