The study also linked specific gene variants to alterations in protein levels associated with the development of Alzheimer's, reinforcing the idea that multiple pathways contribute to the disease.

Fraenkel noted that advancements in experimental and computational models will significantly enhance drug discovery efforts for Alzheimer's, potentially leading to breakthroughs in treatment.

However, the research is currently at risk due to budget cuts faced by the National Institutes of Health, which could impact MIT's funding by up to $35 million annually, threatening ongoing research capabilities.

The study also explored the RNA modification pathway involving genes MEPCE and HNRNPA2B1, alongside the DNA repair pathway, both of which have previously been linked to cell growth but not specifically to DNA repair.

A recent study published in Nature Communications reveals that Alzheimer's disease is influenced by multiple factors beyond just amyloid plaques, indicating a complex interplay of genetic and environmental elements.

The researchers, led by doctoral candidate Matthew Leventhal from MIT, have identified specific gene variants linked to neurodegeneration, emphasizing the importance of understanding various cell death pathways for developing effective therapies.

In their investigation, the team discovered that missing NOTCH1 and CSNK2A1 genes in the DNA repair pathway resulted in an accumulation of unrepaired DNA, which is significantly associated with neurodegeneration.

Senior author Ernest Fraenkel highlighted the multifactorial nature of Alzheimer's, suggesting that combination therapies targeting different pathways may be essential for effective treatment.

Utilizing data from both human studies and fruit flies, the researchers conducted a gene knockout study that identified approximately 200 genes accelerating neurodegeneration, with contributions from Dr. Mel B. Feany of Harvard Medical School.

In response to these funding challenges, MIT and other institutions are suing the NIH and the National Science Foundation to protect federal grant policies that support scientific inquiry.

The implications of this research are significant, as it opens new avenues for targeted drug development aimed at improving neuron health and advancing treatment options for Alzheimer's patients.

MIT President Sally Kornbluth criticized these budget cuts, asserting that they jeopardize America's scientific leadership and the potential health benefits derived from research.