Top coaches like Kyle Shanahan and Dan Quinn have successfully challenged calls, with success rates improving as technology and experience advance.

A comprehensive ESPN analysis of NFL officiating from 2001 to 2024 found no evidence of systematic bias against specific teams in penalties or challenge reversals.

Despite some fans' beliefs that replay and officiating are manipulated to favor certain teams, data shows no evidence of bias or conspiracy, indicating that the systems are designed to be fair.

Since 2010, coaching challenge success rates have declined to about 38% in 2024, but improvements in replay technology have increased the accuracy of reviews.

Interestingly, teams that commit impactful penalties like defensive pass interference or illegal contact in late-game situations tend to be more likely to win, suggesting these penalties may be strategic or desperate plays.

The NFL has expanded replay reviewable fouls, including face masks and horse-collar tackles, to enhance game accuracy and fairness.

Replay assist technology, used over 300 times per season, has significantly improved review accuracy and transparency, helping to dispel perceptions of bias.

An analysis of penalties, challenge outcomes, and officiating crew data shows that teams with more penalties do not necessarily lose more often, further indicating no officiating bias.

Overall, the data confirms that officiating and replay systems are fair and not influenced by manipulation, supporting the integrity of the game.