In addition to packaging, researchers are investigating the use of this 'fungal paper' for creating compact, biodegradable batteries, reflecting a push towards sustainable electronics.

Researchers at IIT Madras have developed a groundbreaking biodegradable packaging material derived from agricultural waste, aiming to combat plastic pollution and waste disposal challenges.

This innovative project utilizes fungi such as Ganoderma lucidum and Pleurotus ostreatus, promoting a waste-to-value approach that diverts agricultural residues from burning and aligns with circular economy principles.

Laboratory studies have demonstrated the feasibility of these mycelium composites, showcasing promising mechanical properties, water resistance, and biodegradability, with ongoing efforts to optimize them for market scalability.

Notably, Ganoderma cultivated on cardboard has shown exceptional compressive strength, outperforming traditional plastic foams like expanded polystyrene (EPS), making it a viable alternative in the packaging sector.

To commercialize these biocomposite products, a start-up named NatureWrks Technologies has been established, co-founded by lead researcher Dr. Lakshminath Kundanati, focusing on technology transfer with industry partners.

This initiative not only addresses environmental concerns but also aims to create economic opportunities for rural communities by valorizing farm waste, thereby contributing to both environmental and economic sustainability.

The research further explores integrating various fungal strains and substrates to enhance the properties of these biocomposites, potentially adding thermal and acoustic insulation capabilities.

The mycelium-based material is tear-resistant, does not require harmful chemicals for processing, and is safe for consumption, highlighting its versatility beyond packaging.

The mycelium's properties also allow it to serve as an excellent emulsifier, which could be beneficial in the production of plant-based cosmetics and foods.

The development of this biodegradable material is seen as a crucial step in mitigating plastic pollution, which poses significant threats to wildlife and ecosystems.

The findings from this research were published in the journal Bioresource Technology Reports, emphasizing the environmental benefits of these new materials.