The research was conducted by a multidisciplinary team from DOE's Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Princeton University, Rutgers University, and Rowan University, and was published in ACS Energy Letters.

This collaborative effort involved scientists from multiple institutions, emphasizing the broad scientific interest and support behind this breakthrough.

Simulations at the atomic level, led by PPPL's Mark Martirez, are crucial for understanding and optimizing the plasma-catalysis mechanism involved in ammonia synthesis.

A key innovation is the development of a heterogenous interfacial complexion (HIC) catalyst structure made of tungsten oxide and tungsten oxynitride, which greatly enhances efficiency and reduces production time from two days to just 15 minutes.

The plasma energizes electrons to modify catalyst surfaces, creating reactive hydrogen atoms and nitrogen vacancies that facilitate ammonia formation while minimizing unwanted byproducts like hydrogen gas.

This plasma-driven process not only accelerates catalyst preparation but also increases ammonia yield and reduces side reactions, marking a significant advancement in sustainable ammonia production.

Ammonia's value extends beyond fertilizers and industry; it also serves as a safer, more manageable carrier for hydrogen energy storage and transportation, with higher energy density than compressed hydrogen.

As a versatile chemical, ammonia offers a promising alternative for hydrogen storage and transport, making it a key component in future clean energy solutions.

Scientists have developed a groundbreaking low-temperature plasma technology to produce ammonia more efficiently, which could significantly lower costs and energy consumption.

This innovative process enables small-scale, on-site ammonia production, reducing reliance on large centralized factories and cutting transportation expenses, especially for hydrogen storage.

The new method uses electricity, water, nitrogen, and plasma to synthesize ammonia, bypassing traditional high-heat and high-pressure processes.