Scientists on Nantucket are pioneering a genetic approach to combat Lyme disease by using CRISPR technology to insert an antibody gene into mouse embryos, making the mice immune and heritable, with the aim of reducing the population of infected mice.

This process involves injecting CRISPR and antibody genes into mouse embryos to create Lyme-immune mice that can pass immunity to their offspring, targeting the primary hosts of Lyme bacteria.

Community concerns focus on ecological impacts and the potential disruption of natural ecosystems, prompting calls for regulatory approval and thorough ecological testing before any large-scale implementation.

The project raises ethical questions about altering natural evolution and ecological balance, but supporters argue that reducing Lyme disease could offer significant public health benefits.

Scientists plan to release thousands of genetically engineered mice during winter when native populations are low, starting with small-scale trials to monitor ecological impacts.

While there is cautious optimism, concerns remain about potential ecological effects, such as impacts on predators like hawks, highlighting the need for comprehensive testing.

The strategy aims to reduce the number of immune mice, thereby slowing the spread of Lyme bacteria and lowering the risk of Lyme disease transmission to humans.

Researchers are engaging with Nantucket residents to gather community input, address ecological concerns, and build support for the project.

Experts emphasize the importance of thorough testing and community involvement to prevent unintended ecological consequences before any large-scale release.

Initial small-scale field trials are planned on a private island before considering releases on Nantucket, contingent upon regulatory approval and community support.

The overarching goal is to decrease Lyme disease cases and improve public health, with the hope that successful implementation could eventually reduce reliance on traditional treatments.

The ecological context includes historical deer introductions that increased tick populations and the role of white-footed mice as key hosts in the Lyme disease transmission cycle.