The SWIFT satellite constellation, led by heliophysicist Mojtaba Akhavan-Tafti, is being developed to improve the prediction of extreme space weather events, providing earlier warnings to satellite operators, electric grid planners, and astronauts.

This new constellation aims to extend warning times to nearly 60 minutes by positioning satellites beyond the L1 point and utilizing solar sail technology for propulsion, which harnesses sunlight and eliminates the need for traditional fuel.

Space weather, including phenomena like coronal mass ejections from the Sun, poses significant risks to Earth's infrastructure, such as electric grids, telecommunications, and aviation, with potential to cause widespread disruptions.

The economic impact of space weather threats is substantial, estimated at up to $2.7 trillion in global assets, underscoring the importance of improved monitoring and forecasting.

Current space weather monitoring relies on satellites at various distances, particularly those near the L1 Lagrange point, which provide up to 40 minutes of warning before solar events reach Earth.

Enhanced space weather forecasting is crucial as society becomes increasingly dependent on space-based technologies, with severe events capable of causing geomagnetic storms that disrupt satellite operations and expose astronauts to radiation.

The SWIFT constellation's advanced warning capabilities are expected to significantly improve preparedness for extreme space weather, helping safeguard critical infrastructure and space missions.

Historical events like the 1859 Carrington event demonstrate the destructive potential of extreme space weather, which can cause fires and widespread disruption, highlighting the importance of modern prediction systems.

Overall, improving space weather prediction is vital for protecting modern society's assets and infrastructure from the increasing threats posed by solar and space phenomena.

The deployment of SWIFT depends on the success of the Solar Cruiser demonstration mission, set to launch as early as 2029, which will showcase the solar sail technology vital for the constellation.