This situation reflects a contradictory stance on NATO, as the EU commits to the alliance while also pursuing an independent European Defense Union amid uncertainties about U.S. security guarantees.

The EU may take on a central purchasing role for defense equipment, similar to its previous efforts in acquiring ammunition for Ukraine and vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The proposed strategy includes relaxing EU debt limits and offering member states low-interest loans to facilitate military upgrades.

As part of this initiative, the EU is preparing for the potential of a large-scale conflict with Russia, as indicated in a strategy paper that warns against complacency.

Funding will focus on seven critical areas, including air defense, missile defense, artillery systems, drones, artificial intelligence, and electronic warfare, with member states expected to contribute the majority of the financing.

Member states are encouraged to work together on defense procurement, aiming for at least 40% of required military goods to be ordered collectively, with a strong preference for European manufacturers.

Ursula von der Leyen, President of the European Commission, has underscored the urgent need for increased European defense spending in light of escalating Russian military investments, aiming for a fortified defense posture by 2030.

The 'Safe' program aims to incentivize joint military procurement among EU member states, promoting collaboration to save costs and time.

The 'Buy European' initiative seeks to strengthen the European defense industry, although it may face resistance from member states preferring less restrictive military spending policies.

While some countries like Greece advocate for larger EU debt measures to support defense spending, others, including Germany and the Netherlands, express concerns over financial stability.

Concerns persist regarding the EU's reliance on foreign military purchases, particularly from the U.S., highlighting the necessity for Europe to develop its own defense capabilities.

The success of this ambitious defense plan will depend on member states' willingness to collaborate on arms purchases rather than acting unilaterally.