Discovery of Altjira: Potential Three-Body System Sheds Light on Kuiper Belt Mysteries

March 4, 2025
Discovery of Altjira: Potential Three-Body System Sheds Light on Kuiper Belt Mysteries
  • Darin Ragozzine, a co-author from Brigham Young University, highlighted that the change in the outer object's orbit orientation aligns with the hypothesis of a triple system when analyzed with Hubble data.

  • Altjira is significantly larger than previously studied Kuiper Belt objects, measuring approximately 124 miles wide, making it ten times larger than Arrokoth, which is a known contact binary.

  • Researchers have tracked the Altjira system for 17 years, collecting observational data that indicates the unique co-orbital motion of its components, suggesting the possibility of a triple system.

  • Prior to this finding, only about 40 binary objects had been identified in the Kuiper Belt, and the potential for triples like Altjira indicates a larger, yet-undiscovered population may exist.

  • The findings from Hubble reinforce the theory that Kuiper Belt objects form through processes akin to star formation, which typically results in pairs or triples.

  • NASA's Hubble Space Telescope and the W. M. Keck Observatory have discovered a potential three-body system in the Kuiper Belt, named the Altjira system, located approximately 3.7 billion miles from Earth.

  • As Altjira enters an eclipsing period over the next decade, this unique phase will allow for enhanced observations, particularly by NASA's James Webb Space Telescope.

  • This discovery suggests that the Altjira system may represent a stable trio of icy bodies, supporting the theory that such formations arise from gravitational collapse rather than collisions.

  • Kuiper Belt objects, first identified in 1992, are remnants from the early solar system, with over 3,000 cataloged and estimates suggesting hundreds of thousands more await discovery.

  • The James Webb Space Telescope is expected to provide additional insights into whether the components of Altjira share similar characteristics, enhancing our understanding of this intriguing system.

  • The inner object of the Altjira system may consist of two bodies that are indistinguishable at such vast distances, or it could be a contact binary or an elongated shape, necessitating further observations to confirm its nature.

Summary based on 3 sources


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