Scotland’s Parliament is set to vote on a bill to legalize assisted dying for terminally ill adults, potentially making Scotland the first part of the UK to do so.

The bill would require two doctors to confirm terminal illness and mental capacity, with a six-month-or-less life expectancy threshold, and last-week amendments adjust safeguards.

Liberal Democrat Liam McArthur, who drafted the bill, urged colleagues to back it, arguing compassion and safety are needed for dying individuals.

Advocates warn of possible unintended consequences, including funding and housing implications for disabled people, and the need to consider clinician–patient relationships.

Key policy questions include safeguards against coercion, protections for clinicians who object, and the potential for future expansion via court challenges.

Supporters and opponents, including Dr Gordon McDonald and Mark McManus from Care Not Killing, raise concerns about coercion, depression, burden, and funding for housing and care.

Supporters argue many countries operate functioning systems with manageable safeguards and conscience protections, while opponents push for stronger protections and broader safeguards.

Personal stories illustrate the spectrum of views: Lisa Fleming describes ongoing pain and desire for control, while Michelle-Anna Moffat discusses despair and renewed sense of value in life.

Protection for medical staff who opt out is emphasized as a prerequisite for the law, with amendments seeking additional protections during the debate.

Opposition from Deputy First Minister Kate Forbes and medical groups warns the bill may be unsafe, risking coercion and pressure on vulnerable people.

Care Not Killing and others argue the bill could harm vulnerable groups; they criticize safeguards, while an agreement with the UK Government aims to include protections before the act takes effect.

Government supporters argue safeguards are in place via a UK agreement to ensure protections before the law comes into force, framing the debate as a broader ethical issue.