In Andalusia, the conservative PP fell short of an absolute majority in Seville, making Vox a potential kingmaker to enable a governing coalition.

Under premier Juanma Moreno, the PP secured 53 of 109 seats, five fewer than the prior tally needed for a simple majority.

Given the loss, Moreno is likely to pursue a coalition with Vox, a dynamic reflecting similar PP losses across Extremadura, Aragón, and Castilla y León in recent elections.

Campaign themes centered on inflation, unemployment, healthcare gaps, housing shortages, and Mediterranean migration pressures, with Andalusia's unemployment around 15%, about 5.5 points above the national average.

Adelante Andalucía rose to eight seats, its strongest result to date, while Pro Andalucía secured five seats, shifting the leftist and regional balance in the chamber.

The left-wing Adelante Andalucía nearly doubled its share with 9.6% of the vote and eight deputies, signaling a meaningful shift in regional politics.

Vox's presence as a potential kingmaker in the largest autonomous community could influence broader national political dynamics.

Historically a PSOE stronghold, Andalusia has seen Vox enter the region's parliament for the first time in 2018, marking a turning point in regional politics.

Vox gained one seat, bringing its total to 15, strengthening its leverage in possible coalitions.

Andalusia is Spain’s most populous region with a diverse economy—tourism, agriculture, industry, and growing solar power—alongside a rich cultural heritage including Flamenco and Moorish landmarks.

Coalition between PP and PSOE remains unlikely due to ideological differences, reinforcing Vox as the pivotal player in forming a government.

Election results diverged from polls and projections, underscoring uncertainty in electoral forecasting and the complexity of forming a stable government.