The EU’s Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation (PPWR) bans high levels of PFAS in new food-contact packaging to cut long-term health and environmental risks from these persistent substances.

The PPWR entered into force in early 2025, with phased implementation starting August 12, 2026, and broader obligations rolling out toward 2030.

PFAS are commonly used to provide water and grease resistance and are frequently found in take-away containers, pizza boxes, baking paper, microwave popcorn bags, and fast-food wrappers.

Responsibilities along the value chain are tiered: manufacturers/importers must ensure compliance and keep records; suppliers provide technical data; distributors verify imported packaging; producers cover collection, sorting, and recycling costs, with lower fees for eco-friendly designs.

Small businesses and online traders argue the rules are costly and burdensome, requiring registration in multiple EU states and potential annual fees, with some estimates of five-figure costs for medium-sized firms and around €300 per year for country representations.

Several firms have paused EU deliveries due to the new requirements, and industry groups warn of significant costs for medium-sized firms and a burden on small operators.

During the transition, businesses face new compliance duties, but the EU expects long-term efficiency gains and greater investment in sustainable packaging.

The rules add cost and administrative burden, including multi-state registrations and annual fees, potentially hindering cross-border trade and possibly necessitating authorized representatives in each country.

Key stakeholders cited include industry voices such as KPMG Ireland and Radisson Hotels commenting on the regulation’s impact and goals.

Brand owners or the packaging decision-maker typically bear compliance responsibility, including issuing Declarations of Conformity, even if they do not physically manufacture the packaging.

The Commission emphasizes a pragmatic, non-bureaucratic rollout with guidance, FAQs, and ongoing collaboration to help adopt the rules efficiently.

This implementation approach aims to standardize compliance across the EU and support uniform enforcement through stakeholder engagement.