Researchers at Columbia University have unveiled HyperQ, a revolutionary quantum computing system that enables multiple users to run programs concurrently on a single quantum computer without delays.

At the core of HyperQ is a virtualization layer that segments the quantum computer's hardware into isolated segments known as quantum virtual machines (qVMs), facilitating independent operation.

To enhance performance, HyperQ incorporates a layer of buffer qubits around each qVM, effectively reducing noise and crosstalk, which allows for dynamic scheduling and independent program compilation.

This innovative system has shown remarkable performance improvements, slashing average wait times by up to 40 times and increasing the number of quantum programs executed tenfold, with some tasks now completing in hours instead of days.

An efficient scheduler plays a crucial role in managing these qVMs, optimizing usage and minimizing idle time by arranging them across the quantum machine, akin to a 'master Tetris player'.

The technology was showcased in July 2025 at the 19th USENIX Symposium on Operating System Design and Implementation (OSDI '25), following extensive testing on IBM's Brisbane quantum computer, which features a 127-qubit system based on the Eagle chipset.

The development of HyperQ comes at a time when quantum computers are costly, with small-scale systems estimated to range from $10 million to $15 million, and annual maintenance often exceeding $1 million.

Looking ahead, there are plans to adapt HyperQ for broader use across various quantum computing systems beyond just IBM hardware.

HyperQ's design is inspired by cloud-style virtualization, addressing the limitations of traditional single-user quantum systems by allowing simultaneous operation of multiple programs without interference.