Google Cloud has partnered with the UK Government to modernize public sector technology, replacing outdated legacy systems to enhance efficiency and cybersecurity across services like NHS and local councils.

A key goal of this initiative is to upskill up to 100,000 civil servants in AI and digital skills by 2030 through a new training program, aligning with the Prime Minister's target for 10% of civil servants to work in tech roles.

The partnership aims to develop AI tools such as 'Extract', which digitizes old planning documents and maps, potentially expediting construction projects and public services like NHS and police.

This collaboration is part of a broader digital transformation strategy, including the rollout of the gov.uk app with features like digital wallets, chatbots, and digital driving licenses, expected to be fully deployed by summer 2025.

The deal is projected to generate approximately £45 billion in efficiency savings and is intended to improve public services such as NHS appointments, council tax, and passport renewals, making them faster and more user-friendly.

Other AI applications across sectors include Formula E's AI-powered race report podcast, Lush's AI-based image recognition checkout tool, and Morrisons' AI product finder, highlighting AI's expanding role in various industries.

Google emphasizes its focus on agentic AI through its Vertex AI platform and Gemini models, enabling organizations to deploy intelligent agents that enhance business operations.

Experts stress the importance of upskilling in AI and data governance to ensure transparency and effective management of intelligent systems, with industry leaders advocating for a workforce capable of overseeing AI implementations.

The partnership was not subject to a public tender and involves no direct financial exchange, raising questions about transparency and fair competition, though the government claims compliance with procurement laws.

Analysts warn that transparency about Google's benefits from the deal is crucial, as such agreements could lead to market lock-in, reducing options for alternative providers and potentially limiting technological sovereignty.

While some implementations like Microsoft's AI Copilot have shown efficiency gains, critics caution that reliance on Google might limit future technological independence and choice.

Concerns about data sovereignty and dependence on US-based cloud providers persist, with critics citing the US CLOUD Act and potential geopolitical risks associated with storing UK public data on US servers.