The Trump administration has announced a new policy that will restrict immigrants living illegally in the U.S. from enrolling in Head Start and other federally funded programs, citing a need to limit access to federal benefits for undocumented immigrants.

This policy, announced on July 10, 2025, by the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), rescinds a nearly 30-year-old rule that classified 31 programs, including Head Start, as 'federal public benefits'—requiring proof of immigration status for eligibility.

HHS plans to further expand the list of affected programs with additional guidance, which will be published after a 30-day public comment period.

The new policy will be implemented following its publication in the Federal Register, with the possibility of further expansion based on upcoming guidance.

Eligibility for Head Start will now depend on a child's immigration status, raising concerns from advocates about fear and confusion among families seeking enrollment.

Yasmina Vinci, head of the National Head Start Association, criticized the policy, arguing it undermines the program’s importance and could create fear among immigrant families.

Education advocates warn that these changes will disproportionately harm young people who have grown up in the U.S. and suggest the policy is driven by political motives that scapegoat immigrant communities.

Critics, including advocates like Augustus Mays from EdTrust, argue that the policy perpetuates fear and scapegoating, impacting vulnerable populations and creating an atmosphere of insecurity.

The restrictions extend beyond Head Start, affecting community health centers, adult education, and programs for undocumented students, limiting access to essential services like healthcare and career training.

Changes announced also impact programs providing cancer treatment, health services, and postsecondary career and technical education for undocumented immigrants.

HHS Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. stated that these changes aim to protect American taxpayers' interests and ensure that federal resources are not diverted to support illegal immigration.

Head Start, established over 60 years ago as part of President Lyndon B. Johnson’s War on Poverty, has historically provided vital preschool and developmental services to families in need across the U.S.