Following the fall of Bashar Assad's government in December 2024, the Alawite minority, once privileged under the regime, has become a primary target for revenge attacks by the Sunni majority.

In March alone, the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights reported over 1,700 deaths, marking it as the deadliest month since the insurgency led by the Islamist group Hayat Tahrir al-Sham.

The violence has escalated, with attacks spreading from Latakia to Tartus and Homs, resulting in at least 42 sectarian killings since the end of Ramadan on March 30.

The ongoing violence has prompted a mass exodus, with approximately 30,000 Alawite Syrians fleeing to Lebanon in the past month, seeking safety through unofficial border crossings.

The interim government's commitment to protect minorities and ensure accountability for violence is being severely tested, as the ongoing attacks contradict their promises of creating an inclusive state.

While some arrests have been made, human rights groups stress that the government's response to these violations will be crucial in shaping the future of justice in Syria.

Activist Mohammed Saleh warns that Syria risks merely transitioning from one dictatorship to another, underscoring the need for a national army that represents all sects.

A month after brutal counteroffensive attacks, Alawite civilians in Syria continue to endure targeted violence and live in constant fear.

Since early April 2025, dozens of Alawites have been killed in smaller retaliatory attacks, following the earlier wave of violence that left hundreds dead.

Militias are executing revenge killings against Alawites, often targeting individuals indiscriminately, regardless of their actual involvement with the former government.

Eyewitness accounts indicate that Alawites face harassment and violence, particularly at checkpoints and within their own homes.