Pakistan's security establishment has long enabled groups like LeT and Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM), despite international pressure and sanctions, indicating systemic issues within its governance.

The ideological connections between Pakistan's military, religious hardliners, and militant proxies complicate efforts to combat extremism, suggesting that meaningful change requires fundamental shifts in governance and ideology.

Public displays of support for terrorists in Pakistan, such as funerals attended by military and government officials, reinforce the state's complicity in harboring extremist groups.

High-profile Pakistani officials, including former Foreign Minister Bilawal Bhutto Zardari, have recently acknowledged Pakistan's historical ties to extremist groups, marking a potential shift in the official narrative.

A significant number of armed fighters killed in Jammu and Kashmir between 2019 and 2022 were affiliated with the TRF, underscoring the group's persistent threat in the region.

Pakistani officials, including Deputy Prime Minister Ishaq Dar, have acknowledged Islamabad's involvement in the recent Pahalgam attack, which was linked to The Resistance Front (TRF), confirming longstanding allegations from India.

The TRF, which began as an online radicalization platform, has transformed into a physical militant organization with connections to major terrorist groups, including LeT.

In the early hours of May 9, 2025, Pakistani forces initiated heavy shelling along the Line of Control, coinciding with significant drone incursions reported from Ladakh to Bhuj.

India responded with retaliatory strikes on May 7, 2025, targeting Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT) facilities in Pakistan, which resulted in the deaths of key figures and highlighted the escalating conflict.

This escalation followed a Pakistan-backed terror attack in Pahalgam that killed 27 tourists on April 22, 2025, prompting India's Foreign Secretary Vikram Misri to describe the military operation, Operation Sindoor, as precise and non-escalatory.

The National Investigation Agency (NIA) has identified suspects in the Pahalgam attack, including two Pakistani nationals, indicating a sophisticated operation involving advanced weaponry and tactics.

Recent lobbying by Pakistan at the United Nations to omit references to the TRF has drawn criticism, as it appears to be an attempt to shield terror groups from international scrutiny.